Conjugated Linoleic Acid – CLA95

Science

Studies show that supplementation with CLA aids in weight management by promoting fat loss. When weight is gained or regained after a diet, CLA has been found to promote muscle growth, as well as inhibit the growth of fat cells, improving the shape of the body.

Scientists now believe that CLA may have a unique effect on body fat:

• It inhibits the transport mechanism of fat into fat cells, reducing the size of these cells. This can lead to an improved body composition and physique.

• It stimulates a key enzyme present in the muscles, which helps the body to build more muscle mass. Leaner bodies burn more calories.

The most fascinating bioactivity of CLA95™ is its effect on the body’s fat to muscle ratio. The following paragraphs describe briefly the studies demonstrating the effects on growth and body composition. There is substantial research on CLA showing that it can decrease body fat, while maintaining lean body mass.

Weight and Fat Loss where it Counts!

The results of a recent six-month clinical trial now show that the reduction in fat mass primarily occurs in the places that improve overall body shape and health most – the abdomen and thighs.

ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵ containing is an important part of your daily health and well-being

Excessive abdominal fat is one of the dominant risk factors for metabolic syndrome, which puts people at an increased risk of degenerative diseases like coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. When it comes to those who wish to improve their body shape and appearance via weight loss, the abdomen and legs are usually a priority target for fat reduction. In the clinical trial, the CLA95™ group showed a marked reduction in hip-to-waist ratio, as well as in overall body weight and BMI compared to the placebo group.

ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵ is proven to reduce body fat, improve body composition and increase lean muscle mass

Easy, Safe and Highly Effective

The research test group consisted of 118 overweight and obese individuals (BMI 28-32 kg/m2), who were randomly assigned into two groups: one that received CLA95™ and one that was given an olive oil placebo. After three months of study, reduction of the fat mass in the CLA95™ group was primarily from the abdomen and legs for women and for men, the abdomen – this was without any particular dieting or exercise efforts. At the end of the trial, it was determined that subjects had lost approximately 2 kg of fat from these areas – that’s the equivalent of 8 packages of butter.

The safety of CLA95™ was proven once again with close monitoring of the blood and insulin sensitivity. Neither were adversely affected. With this new confirmation of CLA95’s body-sculpting capabilities, it is clearer than ever before that this unique ingredient can safely and effectively play a role unequalled by any other product in the market today to help people improve their health and well-being, and reach their physique goals.

CLA95™ uses only the highest concentration of CLA isomers that are active in the body. In addition, CLA95™ is produced in a specialized facility in the Netherlands to ensure consistent high quality.

Naturally Occurring

Although CLA is a natural part of the human diet and is found in foods like dairy products and red meat like beef and lamb, it occurs at levels too low to show weight management benefits without supplementation with a product like ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵. To achieve optimal benefits from ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵, it is best to consume 3 grams per day alongside a healthy diet and exercise program. When consumed in recommended doses, results can be seen in eight to 12 weeks. Results from supplementation with ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵ are most pronounced in individuals who exercise regularly, engaging in 30 minutes of moderate exercise at least three times per week.

ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵

The impact of this natural and effective weight loss wonder is clear. The breadth of heavily substantiated research is undeniable. You can take full advantage of this amazing nutrient and feel confident knowing the ALLMAX Nutrition brand has the highest standards of manufacturing available. ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵ from the brand you trust provides the highest concentration of the purest CLA available.

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Research

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was discovered in 1978 when Michael Pariza PhD and other researchers at the University of Wisconsin were seeking possible cancer-causing compounds in meat. Instead, they found an anti-cancer compound. Preliminary animal and test tube studies have shown that CLA might reduce the risk of cancer at several sites, including breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, skin and stomach. Researchers are optimistic that CLA will produce a similar protective effect in humans.

Conjugated linoleic acid is a fatty acid and is naturally present in ruminant milk, ruminant meat and in human breast milk.

1. CLA refers to a class of isomers of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid, of which two of the CLA isomers [cis-9, trans-11 (c-9,t-11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t-10,c-12) CLA] have shown most physiological effects.
2. The concentrations of CLA in ruminant-derived products range from 3 to 7 mg CLA/g fat depending on the source and manufacturing process. Estimated average daily intake of CLA from these dietary sources ranges from 0.10 up to 1 gram of CLA and varies for different countries.
3. CLA also naturally occurs in vegetable oils in which the two active CLA isomers are present in equal amounts.
4. Physiological effects of CLA have been observed in several animal and human studies. The studies were performed with mixtures of the CLA isomers that contain mostly c-9,t-11 CLA and t-10,c-12 CLA in roughly equal amounts or as enriched forms of each CLA isomer. Several studies show positive health effects for CKA, such as an improvement of the immune response, anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects. However, most animal and human studies have demonstrated that CLA reduces body fat mass and increases lean body mass.

The type of fat or fatty acid is a determinant of the efficiency of energy storage. Unsaturated fatty acids have in general a lower efficiency of energy storage than saturated fatty acids and result in a lower proportion of body fat. For example, fish oil which contains the very long chain fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and α- and y-linoleic acids have been documented to lower body fat in animals.

More recently, CLA that can be made from linoleic acid by isomerisation has also been found to significantly reduce body fat in animals and humans. This lower efficiency of energy storage is mediated by enhanced energy expenditure. The enhanced energy expenditure may be the result of the following events:

• Long chain unsaturated fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in the peroxisomes instead of the mitochondria. Oxidation of fatty acids in the peroxisomes results in the formation of less ATP, which results in a greater energy expenditure.

• The incorporation of more unsaturated fatty acids, especially n-3 fatty acids, into the phospholipids of the inner membranes of the mitochondria may result in membranes that are more permeable for protons which leads to proton leakage across the inner mitochondrial membrane. As a result, the proton motive force will generate less ATP, less energy will be stored in the form of ATP, and more energy is lost as heat.

4. Unsaturated fatty acids may act as ligands for transcription factors (e.g. PPARs) and subsequently affect the enzymes for oxidation or synthesis of fatty acids and the uncoupling proteins (UCP). By means of this mechanism, unsaturated fatty acids may enhance, for example, the oxidation of fatty acids and upregulate the UCPs to dissipate the extra energy generated by the increased oxidation. Thus, the body’s fat-lowering properties of unsaturated fatty acids is mediated by a lower efficiency of energy storage and an increased energy expenditure or heat production. Further, it appears that these effects on body fat are more pronounced when the metabolic rate of the species studied is higher. For instance, mice have a 7 times higher metabolic rate than humans, and various studies have shown that the body fat lowering effect of CLA in mice is also considerably higher than in humans.

Mechanism of Action

Several mechanisms of action in CLA have been proposed. The effects of CLA may not be explained by one single mechanism, since the two active isomers of CLA induce different effects. One of the mechanisms proposed to explain the effects of CLA on body composition is via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). PPAR is a member of the nuclear receptor super family and is a ligand activated transcription factor that affects gene expression in a tissue, sex and species-specific manner. Specific PPAR responsive elements have been identified in the regulatory regions of genes encoding lipid metabolizing enzymes. PPAR is forming a complex with another nuclear receptor family, the retinoid X receptor (RXR). This complex binds to the peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) of a target gene and modifies its expression. Various types of PPAR (α, γ1, γ2, and δ) have been identified in rodents and humans.

PPARα is highly expressed in the liver and may play a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism. Since most of the target genes of PPAR are involved in the control of lipid and energy metabolism, and since PPAR is activated by lipids such as fatty acids, it is evident that the family of PPAR plays a crucial role in translating nutritional signals into changes in gene expression. PPRAα is expressed predominantly in liver, heart, kidney, intestinal mucosa and brown adipose tissue, thus tissues with high catabolic rates for fatty acids and peroxisomal metabolism. PPARy is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue and has been linked to adipocyte differentiation.

So far, PPRE has been identified as the promotor of genes of various peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes, and it has been demonstrated that the expression of these genes is under the control of PPAR. Polyunsaturated fatty acids activate PPAR more than saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids; fatty acids and eicosanoids are ligands of PPAR to induce its DNA binding and expression of target genes. The role of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism is demonstrated in several studies. Roche et al showed that the c-9,t-11 CLA isomer inhibit the SREBP expression in the liver.

Upon activation by fatty acids and drugs that affect lipid metabolism, PPAR controls the expression of genes implicated in intra and extra cellular lipid metabolism, most notably those involved in peroxisomal β-oxidation. In animals, brown adipose tissue (brown fat) also plays a role in lipid and energy metabolism. This tissue contains, unlike typical (white) adipose tissue, numerous mitochondria with cytochromes that cause its brown color. The mechanism of heat generation in brown fat involves the regulated uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in their mitochondria. These mitochondria in brown fat contain the uncoupling protein (UCP1) that is absent in the mitochondria of other tissues and which act as a channel to control the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to protons.

Across the inner mitochondrial membrane, a proton gradient is generated (caused by the energy released by oxidation) and the free energy sequestered by the electrochemical gradient powers the synthesis of ATP. Recently, a homologue of the uncoupling protein UCP1 has been cloned – UCP2 and UCP-3 – which is present in skeletal muscles. Several studies have been done to examine the role of these uncoupling proteins on metabolic rate and obesity in humans. Also the role of exercise on energy metabolism has been linked to UCP3. It has been hypothesized that UCP3 may function as a fatty acid transporter across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has been shown that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and UCP2 mRNA levels increased in isolated adipocytes from CLA fed mice compared to control mice. Because it is known that TNF-α induces apoptosis of adipocytes and upregulates UCP2 mRNA, a marked increase of TNF-α mRNA with an increase of UCP2 mRNA in adipocytes explains the CLA-induced apoptosis according to Tsuboyama-Kasoka et al. UCP2 is the predominant uncoupling protein in white adipose tissue, and an increase in UCP2 may contribute to increased energy expenditure by CLA feeding.

In Vitro Effects

For investigating the possible effect of an ingredient on fat cells, a cell line of fat cells (for example the 3T3-L1) is used extensively. These cells typically grow in a culture medium and are induced to differentiate by hormonal treatment. Treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with CLA inhibited differentiation of the fat cell in a dose-dependent manner. These findings imply that fat reduction observed in in-vivo studies caused by CLA treatment may be attributed to its inhibition of both cell growth (proliferation) and differentiation of preadipocytes in animals. Park et al. ⁶ found in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, that the t-10,c-12 CLA isomer is responsible for the observed reduction of the lipoprotein lipase activity and the intracellular triacylglycerol and glycerol, and enhanced glycerol release into the medium. The c-9,t-11 CLA isomer did not affect these biochemical activities. The authors, therefore, suggest that CLA-associated body composition changes result from feeding the t-10,c-12 CLA isomer.

Supplemental Solutions

The typical North American diet does not deliver enough conjugated linoleic acid to get the weight loss benefits. To get the level used in research studies (1,000 mg with meals three times daily) you would have to eat about 5.8 pounds of fresh ground beef, 53 ounces of American cheese or 1.7 gallons of vanilla ice cream! Simply stated, you cannot get the amount needed for weight loss from your diet. Fortunately, scientists are able to convert the linoleic acid of pure safflower oil into CLA to make it available as a nutritional supplement.

No side-effects or drug interactions have been reported with conjugated linoleic acid supplementation, but since its effects during pregnancy and lactation have not been sufficiently evaluated, it should not be used then.

Bioavailability

CLA has been identified in human adipose tissue, serum, bile and duodenal juices The primary CLA in human serum lipids is the c-9,t-11 isomer. The fatty acid composition of blood lipids and adipose tissue is markedly influenced by the fatty acid composition of dietary fat. In addition, the time required for changes in dietary fat to be reflected in plasma lipids is not exactly known. Huang et al. showed that short-term (4-week) consumption of a diet supplemented with cheddar cheese (112 g/day, providing about 180 mg CLA) significantly increased plasma CLA concentrations by 19-27%.

Research Study

Michael T. Murray is a graduate, faculty member and trustee of Bastyr University in Seattle, Washington. He has written over 20 books, including the best-selling Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine.

Source: Alive Issue:224, June 2001

Original Research Communication

“Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1-y reduces body fat mass in healthy overweight humans.”

Researchers: Jean-Michel Gaullier, Johan Halse, Kjetil Høye, Knut Kristiansen, Hans Fagertun, Hogne Vik and Ola Gudmundse from the Scandinavian Clinical Research AS (JMG, KK, and OG) and the Scandinavian Statistical Services AS (HF), Kjeller, Norway; the Betanien Medical Center, Oslo (JH); the Helsetorget Medical Center, Elverum, Norway (KH); and the Matforsk (Norwegian Food Research Institute), Ås, Norway (HV).

Background

Short-term trials showed that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may reduce body fat mass (BFM) and increase lean body mass (LBM), but the long-term effect of CLA was not examined.

Objective

The objective of the study was to ascertain the 1-y effect of CLA on body composition and safety in healthy overweight adults consuming an ad libitum diet.

Design

Male and female volunteers (n = 180) with body mass indexes (in kg/m2) of 25–30 were included in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects were randomly assigned to 3 groups: CLA-free fatty acid (FFA), CLA-triacylglycerol, or placebo (olive oil). Change in BFM, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the effects of CLA on LBM, adverse events and safety variables.

Results

Mean (± SD) BFM in the CLA-triacylglycerol and CLA-FFA groups was 8.7 ± 9.1% and 6.9 ± 9.1%, respectively, lower than that in the placebo group (P < 0.001). Subjects receiving CLA-FFA had 1.8 ± 4.3% greater LBM than did subjects receiving placebo (P = 0.002). These changes were not associated with diet or exercise. LDL increased in the CLA-FFA group (P = 0.008), HDL decreased in the CLA-triacylglycerol group (P = 0.003), and lipoprotein(a) increased in both CLA groups (P < 0.001) compared with month 0. Fasting blood glucose concentrations remained unchanged in all 3 groups. Glycated hemoglobin rose in all groups from month 0 concentrations, but there was no significant difference between groups. Adverse events did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusion

Long-term supplementation with CLA-FFA or CLA-triacylglycerol reduces BFM in healthy overweight adults.

Source:

Gaullier JM, Halse J, Hoye K, Kristiansen K, Fagertun H, Vik H, Gudmundsen O. (2003). Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1 year reduces body fat mass in healthy overweight humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79, 1118-1125

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The Benefits

CLA Approved as Food by FDA – August 2008

On June 24, 2008 the FDA officially approved CLA as a food product, stating that CLA is regarded safe to use in foods.

CLA has been found to provide many health benefits:

• It plays a vital role in body fat reduction
• Is a potential anti-carcinogenic
• Aids in anti-aging
• Has been found to exhibit anti-diabetic effects

Conjugated Linoleic Acid or CLA is an Omega-6 fatty acid that is found in red meat and dairy products such as cheese and yogurt. It is a naturally occurring ingredient that can safely be used for numerous health-promoting benefits.

Today’s dairy products contain only about one third of the CLA content found before 1960. This is due to the change in cattle-feeding practices. Cows are now artificially fattened with grain. Grass-fed cows were provided with almost 500% more CLA!

Although CLA is a natural part of the human diet, it occurs at levels too low to provide benefits. This is why the supplemental form of CLA is recommended to obtain all the health-promoting benefits CLA can provide.

CLA is not just for Fat Loss but Improves Lean Muscle Mass too!

CLA has been found in several gold standard scientific studies to reduce body fat and help improve the shape of the body. If that’s not appealing enough, a recent study may help to convince you why you should be using CLA in your plan.

A scientific study published in the American College of Sports Medicine Journal entitled “Medicine & Science in Sports Exercise” examined the relationship between participants using CLA during resistance training. This study used a large group of resistance-trained athletes. Subjects were divided into two study groups. One group supplemented with CLA and the other group was given a placebo for 7 weeks. Both groups performed a strength training program three times a week. At the completion of the study the CLA study group had a greater increase in lean muscle mass and had also lost more fat overall!

This study further confirms the amazing power of this naturally occurring fatty acid. CLA has not only been found to be helpful in reducing body fat and improving body composition, but this study also shows it may be beneficial in increasing lean muscle mass as well!

ALLMAX Nutrition CLA is the ideal addition to your supplement plan to help improve your body composition and reduce body fat.

Source:

Pinkoski C, et al.The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation during resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 38(2):339-48, 2006

CLA may be one of the most potent cancer-fighting substances in our diet – Dr Joseph Mercola
Source: Mercola.com/Beef/cla.htm

In animal studies, as little as one half of one percent CLA in the diet has reduced tumor burden by more than 50 percent.

CLA has also been shown to reduce body fat in people who are overweight

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, published in the December 2000 issue of the Journal of Nutrition found that CLA reduces fat and preserves muscle tissue. According to the research project manager, an average reduction of six pounds of body fat was found in the group that took CLA, compared to a placebo group.

 

The study found that approximately 3.4 grams of CLA per day is the level needed to obtain the beneficial effects of CLA on body fat.

“It doesn’t make a big fat cell get little. What it rather does is keep a little fat cell from getting big” – Dr Michael Pariza, chief researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, August 2000

Pariza’s research did not find weight loss in his group of 71 overweight people, but what he did find was that when the dieters stopped dieting, and gained back weight, those taking CLA “were more likely to gain muscle and not fat.”

In a separate study conducted at Purdue University in Indiana, CLA was found to improve insulin levels in about two-thirds of diabetic patients and moderately reduced the blood glucose level and triglyceride levels.

CLA has been the subject of a variety of research in the past several years, and findings also suggest that some of the other benefits of CLA include the following:

• Increases metabolic rate – This would obviously be a positive benefit for thyroid patients, as hypothyroidism, even when treated, can reduce the metabolic rate in some people.
• Decreases abdominal fat – Adrenal imbalances and hormonal shifts that are common in thyroid patients frequently cause rapid accumulation of abdominal fat, so this benefit could be quite helpful.
• Enhances muscle growth – Muscle burns fat, which also contributes to increased metabolism, which is useful in weight loss and management.
• Lowers cholesterol and triglycerides – Since many thyroid patients have elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels, even with treatment, this benefit can have an impact on a thyroid patient’s health.
• Lowers insulin resistance – Insulin resistance is a risk for some hypothyroid patients, and lowering it can also help prevent adult-onset diabetes and make it easier to control weight.
• Reduces food-induced allergic reactions – Since food allergies can be at play when weight loss becomes difficult, this can be of help to thyroid patients.
• Enhances immune system – Since most cases of thyroid disease are autoimmune in nature, enhancing the immune system’s ability to function properly is a positive benefit.

If you’re interested in taking CLA to help with weight loss, keep in mind that it’s not magic and you will need to start a program of diet and exercise in order to successfully lose weight and keep it off.

CLA is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid, which is found preferentially in dairy products and meat. Preliminary studies indicate that CLA is a powerful anti-cancer in the rat breast tumor model with an effective range of 0.1-1% in the diet.

Fat Mass Reduction

Results from in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated clearly a reduction of body fat mass.

Lean Body Mass Increase

Effects of CLA on lean body mass have been observed in both animal and human studies. In mice, rats, pigs and chicken, CLA has been shown to increase lean body mass. Consistent data have been reported for humans. The effects of CLA on lean body mass in humans were investigated in obese/overweight subjects. The results are expressed in g/d of the t-10, c-12 CLA isomer, the isomer active in lipid metabolism by Terpstra (Figure 2). Blankson et al. reported an increase (1.8%) in lean body mass in subjects who consumed 6.8 g/day CLA for 12 weeks. It should be noted that the only group in this study that had a significant increase in lean body mass was the group that had intensified their training. The data of this group showed that CLA especially produces deposition of lean body mass, rather than fat body mass in subjects who are in an anabolic state. Kamphuis et al. investigated the effects of 13 weeks CLA supplementation in overweight subjects after weight loss on weight regain, body composition, resting metabolic rate, and substrate oxidation and blood plasma parameters. The regain of fat-free mass was favorably affected by CLA and consequently, the resting metabolic rate was increased.

Figure 2 – The effect of CLA on body composition in humans. Net effect of CLA on body weight and body fat as observed in various human studies. Weeks represent the number of weeks on CLA and BMI (kg/m2) the body mass index of the subjects at the beginning of the study. Asterisks indicates that the changes in the CLA group was significantly different from the changes in the control group (*P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01). The dose of CLA is expressed in g/d of the trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomer, the isomer active in lipid metabolism. In the study of Mougios et al, 0.35 grams of the trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomer was administered during the first 4 weeks of the study and 0.70 grams during the second 4 weeks of the study. West et al. found an increased metabolic rate in mice after feeding them CLA. This is in line with what has been demonstrated by Kamphuis et al. in humans. The regain of fat free mass was favourably affected by CLA and consequently the resting metabolic rate was increased. Furthermore, they have demonstrated that appetite (hunger, satiety and fullness) was favourably affected by CLA.

The Perfect Fat Burning Partner

CLA has proven itself a potent defensive protector against the accumulation of fat into fat cells, thereby helping to prevent weight gain and help with lean mass.

Because it works through a completely separate set of fat-burning mechanisms, the ALLMAX supplement RAPIDCUTS SHREDDED, provides the perfect complementary ally to ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵. This unique combination will provide a full spectrum of fat-burning tools in your weight management arsenal.

Weight Loss Winner

Over 200 studies have shown that CLA may play a very important role not only against cancer, but also in helping fight diabetes, obesity and hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Particularly exciting is research showing that CLA supplementation can help promote weight loss.

Researchers from the University of Wisconsin recruited 80 obese people and had half of them take 3,000 mg of CLA daily while the other half took a placebo. They were all put on a diet program and encouraged to exercise. Weight loss was about the same for both groups, averaging five pounds. So why take it? Those taking CLA reported less fatigue, dizziness and nausea than those on the placebo. But the real advantage was that while people taking the placebo put weight back on mainly as fat, people taking CLA who put weight back on did so primarily as lean muscle. In other words, CLA promoted an increase in lean muscle mass and a decrease in the percentage of body fat. Similar results were found in a study conducted at the Lund University in Sweden.

Researchers believe that it promotes and maintains weight loss by helping block fat cells in the body from filling up with fat. It does this by interfering with a fat-storing enzyme known as lipoprotein lipase. It also increases the sensitivity of cells to the hormone insulin and is believed to help burn fat by revving up muscle metabolism and helping increase lean muscle mass. The more muscle you have, the more calories your body uses to function, thereby speeding up the fat-burning process.

CLA is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid, which is found preferentially in dairy products and meat. Preliminary studies indicate that CLA is a powerful anti-cancer in the rat breast tumor model with an effective range of 0.1-1% in the diet.

CLA is unique because it is present in food from animal sources, and its anti-cancer efficacy is expressed at concentrations close to human consumption levels.

Source:

CLA and atherosclerosis in rabbits Lee K.N.; Kritchevsky D.; Pariza M.W. Food Research Institute, Dept. Food Microbiology/Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1925 Willow Drive, Madison, WI 53706 USA Atherosclerosis (Ireland), 1994, 108/1 (19-25)

Symposium: Dairy Product Components and Weight Regulation

“The Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Isomer, t10c12-CLA, Is Inversely Associated with Changes in Body Weight and Serum Leptin in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus” – Martha A. Belury3, Annie Mahon and Sebastiano Banni: Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN and Department of Experimental Biology, University of Cagliari, Italy

Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are found in beef, lamb and dairy products. Diets containing CLA reduce adipose mass in various depots of experimental animals. In addition, CLA delays the onset of diabetes in the ZDF rat model for obesity-linked type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesize that there would be an inverse association of CLA with body weight and serum leptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this double-blind study, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized into one of two groups receiving either a supplement containing mixed CLA isomers (CLA-mix; 8.0 g daily, 76% pure CLA; n = 12) or a supplement containing safflower oil (placebo; 8.0 g daily safflower oil, n = 9) for 8 wk. The isomers of CLA in the CLA-mix supplement were primarily c9t11-CLA (37%) and t10c12-CLA (39%) in free fatty acid form. Plasma levels of CLA were inversely associated with body weight (P < 0.05) and serum leptin levels (P < 0.05). When levels of plasma t10c12-CLA isomer were correlated with changes in body weight or serum leptin, t10c12-CLA, but not c9t11-CLA, was inversely associated with body weights (P < 0.05) and serum leptin (P < 0.02). These findings strongly suggest that the t10c12-CLA isomer may be the bioactive isomer of CLA to influence the body weight changes observed in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Future studies are needed to determine a causal relationship, if any, of t10c12-CLA or c9t11-CLA to modulate body weight and composition in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, determining the ability of CLA isomers to influence glucose and lipid metabolism as well as markers of insulin sensitivity is imperative to understanding the role of CLA to aid in the management of type 2 diabetes and other related conditions of insulin resistance.

Source:

The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer,t10c12-CLA, is inversely associated with changes in body weight and serum leptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nutrition, 133, 257S-260S

CLA Once Again Shown Beneficial in Clinical Research

A recent study which was published in the July 2007 issue of International Journal of Obesity set out to determine the effect CLA has on insulin resistance by using a gold standard measurement method. After six months the researchers found CLA did not affect glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity. This study shows that CLA is safe for those to use as a weight loss supplement.

Additionally, the March 2007 issue of British Journal of Nutrition features a study conducted on CLA’s ability to reduce body fat in overweight and obese subjects specifically in the legs and abdominal region. Those who supplemented with CLA lost about 3.4% in body fat mass when compared to the placebo group. It’s also interesting to note the study group who experienced the greatest loss in body fat was mostly females. This study presents promising evidence that CLA may have the ability to reduce problem areas specifically in women such as the hips and thighs.

Both these studies were based on CLA95™. ALLMAX Nutrition CLA95™ contains 95% active CLA isomers which are derived from the safflower-based CLA95™ exclusively. These studies further confirm that CLA is an effective weight loss product which can help increase lean muscle mass and reduce body fat without the harmful effect of stimulants.

Source:

“The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese.” Syvertsen C, et al. International Journal of Obesity 31, 1148 – 1154 (01 Jul 2007).

“Six months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid induces regional-specific fat mass decreases in overweight and obese.” Gaullier, J, et al. British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 97 (03) March 2007, pp 550-560.

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CLA95

Research Confirms CLA95™ Body-Shaping Abilities

Recently completed research has confirmed that CLA95™ not only easily helps reduce body fat, but that it does so in specific areas of the body where fat loss is most desired without extra dieting or exercise efforts.

CLA95™ gives dieters the upper hand in the battle against the bulge

At any given time, 29 percent of men and 44 percent of women are trying to lose weight. That means nearly 45 million Americans are actively dieting every year. While there may never be an effortless solution to permanent weight loss, CLA95™, a new, natural weight-loss ingredient, has been shown to help reshape bodies by reducing body fat and building muscle mass in eight to 12 weeks when combined with a balanced diet and exercise program.

CLA95™ is the most concentrated brand of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which is scientifically proven to be a natural weight-loss ingredient. CLA95™, combined with a healthy lifestyle, can aid in reducing body fat, increasing lean muscle mass and maintaining weight management. Gram for gram, CLA95™ offers consumers the highest concentration of active CLA isomers available.

“Used as part of a proper diet and exercise program, CLA95™ can effectively aid the body in reducing fat and building lean muscle mass, giving an edge to people looking to shed excess pounds. Europeans have enjoyed results from CLA95™ for the past seven years and we are eager to bring this promising ingredient to the United States to help win the battle against the bulge.” – Dr Michael Pariza, Director of Food Research Institute, Professor and Chair, Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, University of Wisconsin.

CLA95™ works by reducing the amount of fat taken up by fat cells from the bloodstream, while increasing the breakdown of fats by the body’s muscles. Studies have shown that these combined actions keep fat cells at a smaller and less mature state, giving the body a slimmer, shapelier figure. At the same time, the increased breakdown of fat helps fuel and preserve muscle mass, increasing lean muscle mass and resulting in weight loss.

Safety of CLA95™

A program of toxicology studies with CLA95™ was conducted according to the OECD guidelines. The studies clearly demonstrated the safety of a preparation containing CLA95™. In some animals, adverse events after CLA supplementation have been found. These adverse events seem to be related to the composition of the CLA product that affected the glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, as well as hepatic changes. In humans, no changes in liver weight, liver enzyme activity or glucose metabolism have been observed after the use of CLA (c-9,t-11 and t-10,c-12 mixture, ratio 50:50) for 12 months.

ALLMAX CLA95™

The impact of this natural and effective weight loss wonder is clear. The breadth of heavily substantiated research is undeniable. You can take full advantage of this amazing nutrient and feel confident knowing the ALLMAX Nutrition brand has the highest standards of manufacturing available.

CLA⁹⁵ – from the ALLMAX brand you trust – provides the highest concentration of the purest CLA available.

Recommended Dosage of CLA95™

Loders Croklaan has investigated the two forms (glycerides and free fatty acids) of CLA on body composition and energy balance.

Four groups of mice were fed semi-purified diets containing either CLA or control oil in the form of FFA or TAG for 42 days. The body composition was determined and the energy in the carcasses, excreta, and food was measured in a bomb calorimeter. This study showed that CLA in the form of FFA or TAG had similar effects on body composition and energy balance. The data are in line with Gaullier who demonstrated similar effect of both forms in humans after supplementation with CLA for 1 year CLA95™ has been investigated in several studies and is proven to be suitable as an ingredient in dietary supplements in various forms, including soft gels, capsules, supplement bars and similar products.

The ingredient is intended for use by persons who wish to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake of CLA. CLA95™ consists of two isomers of conjugated linoleic acid, i.e. c-9,t-11 and t-10,c-12 CLA, as the main constituents in approximately equal amounts. CLA95™ can be supplied as free fatty acids or in glyceride form. The glyceride form (TAG) of CLA95™ is preferred for food addition. It is tasteless and is the form of CLA found in natural derived foods. CLA95™, in glyceride or free fatty acid form (FFA), consists of two isomers of CLA, i.e. c-9,t 11 and t-10,c-12 CLA in approximately equal amounts. Loders Croklaan recommends to formulate products that will eventually provide a daily dosage of 1.25-3.75 g CLA95™ (i.e. 1-3 g c-9,t-11/t-10,c-12 CLA/day).

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FAQ

1. What is CLA?

CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) is a naturally occurring fatty acid found in red meat and dairy products. Supplementing with CLA has been shown in studies to help reduce body fat by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase. This enzyme transfers fats from the bloodstream to the fat cells. As a result of the decreased enzyme activity, the transport of fat into fat cells is blocked. At the same time, CLA also stimulates the breakdown of stored body fat (lipolysis). ALLMAX Nutrition CLA⁹⁵ is derived from safflower oil.

2. How do I take CLA⁹⁵?

As a weight loss aid, take 1 capsule of CLA⁹⁵ three times daily immediately prior to meals. Always make sure to read the complete label before starting any new supplement.

3. Who should use CLA⁹⁵?

CLA⁹⁵ is suitable for men and women who want to lose weight and re-sculpt their bodies.

4. What are the side effects associated with CLA?

As long as you are taking the recommended dosage of CLA, you shouldn’t experience any side effects. Preliminary research has shown CLA is safe to take and free of any known side effects when consumed according to the label.

5. If I’m taking prescription drugs, can I take CLA⁹⁵?

Before starting any natural supplement make sure you speak with your physician first. Although there shouldn’t be a problem with taking CLA with prescription drugs, your doctor will be able to provide an answer specific to your situation.

6. Does CLA⁹⁵ contain any stimulants such as ephedrine?

No it does not. CLA⁹⁵ is derived from naturally occurring fatty acids and doesn’t include stimulants. However, even without stimulants, CLA⁹⁵ has still been found to be helpful in aiding in weight loss and reducing body fat.

7. Can I take CLA⁹⁵ if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?

CLA should not be used during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. CLA has been shown to reduce the fat content of breast milk and as a result, reduces the milk fat content much needed by infants. This has resulted in an overall caloric decrease of 65 kilocalories per day, which may be unhealthy for your newborn.

8. I’ve heard that some CLA supplements don’t contain enough of the active form of CLA, how do I know CLA⁹⁵ works?

It is guaranteed to contain 950 mg of pure CLA per 1000 mg soft gel capsule. ALMAX CLA⁹⁵ provides you with the highest concentration of the purest CLA isomers available.

9. What kind of research has been conducted on CLA?

A six-month double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study which was published in the December 2000 issue of the journal Nutrition found that CLA helped reduce body fat and preserve muscle tissue. According to this study, the optimal amount needed for weight loss or body fat reduction should be around 3.4 grams of CLA per day.

10. How long will it take for me to see results with CLA⁹⁵?

You should start to see results within 8 to 12 weeks, as long as you are following the labeled directions correctly. This is the average amount of time it took participants in the clinical studies to see results. But remember, results may vary.

11. Do I need to diet and exercise while taking CLA⁹⁵?

For best results, you should combine ALLMAX CLA⁹⁵ with a balanced meal plan and regular exercise program. By incorporating CLA⁹⁵ into your healthy lifestyle, you’ll experience results quicker.

12. How long can I stay on CLA⁹⁵?

Clinical research hasn’t shown any adverse reactions to long-term use of CLA. You can continue supplementing with CLA⁹⁵ as long as you would like.Permalink to this post: http://www.allmaxnutrition.com/products-type/cla95/?postTabs=5